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Encyclopedia / Forestry & Fisheries

Aquaculture

Specialty Knowledge entries in Aquaculture.

Extruder machine used to manufacture floating aquaculture feed pellets

Aquaculture Feed

Aquaculture feed is manufactured nutrition formulated specifically for farmed fish, shrimp, and other aquatic animals, designed to supply the protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals each species needs at different life stages. Feed typically represents the largest single operating cost in most fish and shrimp farming, making its formulation and efficiency a central concern across the

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Manufactured nutrition formulated for farmed fish, shrimp, and other aquatic animals.

A small aquaponics system combining fish tanks and plant grow beds

Aquaponics

Aquaponics is a food production method that combines fish farming with hydroponic plant cultivation in a single integrated system, where fish waste provides nutrients for plants and the plants help filter and clean the water that returns to the fish. This closed-loop design allows both fish and vegetables to be produced together using substantially less

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A food production method combining fish farming and plant growing in one integrated, water-recycling system.

Young trout being transferred to a raceway in finfish culture

Finfish Culture

Finfish culture is the branch of aquaculture focused specifically on raising fish with internal skeletons, such as salmon, tilapia, catfish, and sea bass, as distinguished from the farming of shellfish or crustaceans. It encompasses the full range of species, systems, and techniques used to raise true fish from egg or fry to market size. Major

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The branch of aquaculture focused on raising fish with internal skeletons, as distinct from shellfish farming.

Marine cages used for Atlantic salmon fish farming

Fish Farming

Fish farming, also called aquaculture when applied to finfish, is the practice of raising fish in controlled environments such as ponds, tanks, cages, or enclosed sections of lakes and coastal waters, rather than catching them from wild populations. It now supplies more than half of all fish consumed by people worldwide, a dramatic shift from

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The practice of raising fish in controlled environments like ponds, tanks, or cages rather than catching them wild.

Fish hatchery rearing tanks at a national fish hatchery

Hatchery

A hatchery is a facility designed to breed fish, shellfish, or other aquatic organisms through their earliest life stages, from fertilized eggs through larvae or juveniles, before they are either released into the wild or transferred to grow-out farms. Hatcheries play a central role in both aquaculture production and conservation programs aimed at supplementing wild

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A facility that breeds fish or shellfish through their earliest life stages before release or transfer to farms.

Aquaculture workboat used to service offshore fish farm sites

Offshore Aquaculture

Offshore aquaculture is fish or shellfish farming conducted in open ocean waters farther from shore than traditional coastal operations, typically in deeper water with stronger currents and greater exposure to waves and weather. It represents an effort to expand aquaculture production into new areas while reducing some of the environmental and spatial conflicts associated with

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Fish or shellfish farming conducted in open ocean waters farther from shore than coastal operations.

Earthen ponds used for brackish-water pond culture

Pond Culture

Pond culture is the practice of raising fish or shrimp in constructed earthen or lined ponds, making it one of the oldest and most widely used forms of aquaculture worldwide. It remains the dominant production method for species such as carp, tilapia, and farmed shrimp across much of Asia, where it has been practiced in

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The practice of raising fish or shrimp in constructed earthen or lined ponds.

Tanks and filtration equipment in a recirculating aquaculture system

Recirculating Aquaculture System

A recirculating aquaculture system, often abbreviated RAS, is a fish farming technology that continuously filters and reuses the same water within enclosed tanks, rather than relying on a constant flow of fresh water or open exchange with a natural water body. This closed-loop approach allows fish farming to occur almost anywhere, including indoor facilities far

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A fish farming technology that continuously filters and reuses the same water in enclosed tanks.

Seaweed farms visible off the coast of South Korea

Seaweed Farming

Seaweed farming is the cultivation of marine algae in coastal or offshore waters for food, animal feed, fertilizer, and increasingly, industrial and biotechnology applications. It is one of the fastest-growing segments of global aquaculture, requiring no feed, fresh water, or arable land, since seaweed draws its nutrients directly from the surrounding seawater and sunlight. Common

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The cultivation of marine algae in coastal waters for food, feed, and industrial uses.

Oyster culture racks used in shellfish farming

Shellfish Farming

Shellfish farming is the cultivation of mollusks such as oysters, mussels, clams, and scallops in coastal or offshore waters, typically using methods that rely on the shellfish’s natural ability to filter food from the surrounding water rather than requiring manufactured feed. It represents one of the most resource-efficient forms of aquaculture, since farmed shellfish feed

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The cultivation of mollusks like oysters, mussels, and clams in coastal waters, usually without added feed.