Specialty Digest

Global English editionLearners’ Study Dashboard — in development
The Knowledge Library for All

Online Courses / University Track

University Track

Computing Foundations: How Machines Solve Problems

Learn how a computer turns a precisely stated problem into a reliable method, then design, test and explain your own algorithm.

  • 8 modules
  • About 48 hours
  • Interactive lessons
  • Certificate of Completion
  • Not an accredited qualification

Course status. All eight modules are open for review. There are no accounts, no saved progress and no certificate issuing yet: everything you answer stays in your browser tab and is not stored.

Open Module 1

Course Passport

ItemEntry
Course titleComputing Foundations: How Machines Solve Problems
TrackUniversity Track, one of four (Foundation, University, Professional and Executive)
Intended learnerUndergraduates and early-career graduates, plus any adult reading at that level, who want to understand how computing works before or alongside learning to program. No programming experience is assumed.
Length8 modules, one per week, about 6 study hours each: about 48 hours in total
FormatInteractive visual lessons (animated infographics, tables, graphs). No video lectures or podcasts.
PrerequisitesComfort with arithmetic, reading a table and following written steps. Nothing else.
Language and toneFormal academic English. Every technical term is defined at first use.
AssessmentPractice sets 10%, module checkpoints 40%, labs and cases 15%, capstone 35%
Pass rule70% overall, and the capstone rubric passed separately. Checkpoints unlock the next module at 80%, with unlimited retakes.
CredentialCertificate of Completion. It states that it is not an accredited qualification.

Why this course exists

Many people use computers daily without knowing what a computer actually does. This course explains computation as a discipline: how a problem is stated precisely, how a method is written so that a machine can follow it, how data are represented, and how the cost of a method grows as the input grows. It builds the ideas behind every programming language, so a later course in a language such as Python is easier to learn. See the encyclopedia entries on the computer and the algorithm for short definitions.

Learning outcomes

By the end of the course, a learner can:

  1. O1. Define a computational problem and write a precise specification of its inputs, outputs and constraints.
  2. O2. Explain how numbers, text and other data are represented in binary.
  3. O3. Use logic and conditions to control which steps a method takes.
  4. O4. Trace, compare and choose between searching and sorting methods.
  5. O5. Describe how the number of steps in a method grows with the size of its input.
  6. O6. Design, test and explain an algorithm for a real task, and state what computers cannot do.

Course map

Eight modules build from stating a problem, through data, logic and standard algorithms, to efficiency, structure and the limits of computing, and end with the learner’s own designed and tested algorithm.

ModuleBig ideaHoursOutcomesStatus
M1. Problems, Algorithms and Precise InstructionsA problem must be stated exactly before a machine can solve it.6O1, O6Open for review
M2. Data and Representation: Bits, Binary and TextAll data in a computer are patterns of two symbols.6O2Open for review
M3. Logic and DecisionsConditions decide which steps run.6O3Open for review
M4. Searching and SortingDifferent methods solve the same problem at different cost.6O4Open for review
M5. Efficiency: How Cost Grows with InputWhat matters is how the work grows, not the speed of one machine.6O5Open for review
M6. Abstraction, Functions and StructureHiding detail makes large systems manageable.6O3, O6Open for review
M7. Inside the Machine: Memory, Processors and Operating SystemsHardware and software layers cooperate to run a method.6O2, O6Open for review
M8. Networks, Security and the Limits of ComputingSome tasks are hard, and some cannot be computed at all.6O5, O6Open for review

Capstone thread (proposed). The capstone is a designed and tested algorithm for a real task of the learner’s choice, specified in Module 1, refined through Modules 2 to 7 and reported with its tests and limits in Module 8.

Limits of this course

The course teaches computing as a field of study. It does not teach a particular programming language, and it does not prepare learners for a specific professional examination. Where a figure or fact is quoted, its source is named on the wrap-up page.

Our standard

Numbers are checked and sources are named by title and publisher. Limits are stated. The course awards no degree and no academic credit. Completing it will earn a Certificate of Completion only, which states plainly that it is not an accredited qualification. Certificates are not issued yet.

More courses: see all Specialty Digest Online Courses or the University Track.