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Concepts

Ideas, terms, and mechanisms explained clearly.

A 3D molecular model of dopamine, a neurotransmitter

Neurotransmitter

A neurotransmitter is a chemical messenger released by a neuron at a synapse that travels across a tiny gap to influence the activity of another neuron, a muscle cell, or a gland cell. Neurotransmitters are the primary means by which neurons communicate with one another, translating an electrical signal inside the sending neuron into a

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A chemical messenger released by a neuron at a synapse that influences the activity of another cell.

Hare Krishna devotees chanting in a public procession in Paris

New Religious Movement

Overview A new religious movement is a religious or spiritual group whose origins can typically be traced to the modern period and which exists outside long-established mainstream traditions. Scholars adopted this term partly to replace the more popular but value-laden word cult, which tends to carry strongly negative connotations that can interfere with careful, neutral

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A new religious movement is a religious or spiritual group with origins typically traceable to the modern period, existing outside established mainstream traditions.

A news kiosk displaying many newspapers and sources

News Aggregation

News aggregation refers to the practice of collecting and organizing news content from multiple sources into a single platform or feed, allowing readers to browse a wide range of coverage on a given topic without visiting each originating publication individually. Aggregation services range from automated algorithmic systems that pull headlines and summaries, to human-curated digests

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The practice of collecting and organizing news content from multiple sources into a single platform.

Reporters interviewing a source for a news story

News Sourcing

News sourcing refers to the practice of identifying, cultivating, and attributing information to the people, documents, or data that provide the factual basis for a news story. Sound sourcing practices are central to journalistic credibility, since readers rely on clear attribution to judge the reliability of the information presented. Types of Sources Sources range from

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The practice of identifying and attributing information to the people or documents that support a news story.

A newsroom where reporters write news stories

News Writing

News writing is the craft of presenting factual information clearly, concisely, and in a structure that allows readers to quickly grasp the most important details of a story. Unlike other forms of writing, news writing typically prioritizes the most newsworthy facts at the very beginning rather than building toward a conclusion. The Inverted Pyramid Most

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The craft of writing factual news stories clearly and concisely, prioritizing key information first.

A portrait of Isaac Newton, who formulated the three laws of motion

Newton’s Laws of Motion

Newton laws of motion are three physical principles, first stated together by Isaac Newton in his 1687 work Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, that describe the relationship between a physical object and the forces acting upon it, and how that object moves in response. Together they formed the foundation of classical mechanics for more than two

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Three principles stated by Isaac Newton describing the relationship between a physical object, the forces acting on it, and its motion.

President George W. Bush signing the No Child Left Behind Act into law

No Child Left Behind Act

The No Child Left Behind Act was a United States federal law signed in January 2002 that reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act and required states to test students annually in reading and math in grades three through eight and once in high school. The law tied federal funding to a requirement that schools

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A 2002 federal law that tied school funding to annual standardized testing and progress targets, later replaced by the Every Student Succeeds Act.

corn planter with a no till farming system in brookings2c co.2c sd 281387429421429

No-Till Farming

No-till farming is a method of growing crops that skips the traditional step of plowing or tilling the soil before planting. Instead of turning the soil over to bury old crop residue and loosen it for seeding, a no-till farmer plants new seeds directly into the undisturbed ground, often through the dead stalks and stubble

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No-till farming is a way of growing crops without plowing the soil between plantings, leaving crop residue on the surface to protect and build the soil instead.

Over-the-head earmuffs and ear protection gear displayed in a hardware store

Noise-Induced Hearing Loss

Noise-induced hearing loss is permanent hearing damage caused by exposure to excessively loud sound over time, representing one of the most common occupational illnesses worldwide and a hazard present across industries ranging from manufacturing and construction to music and entertainment. The damage underlying noise-induced hearing loss occurs at the level of delicate sensory hair cells

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Noise-induced hearing loss is permanent hearing damage caused by exposure to excessively loud sound over time, representing one of the most common occupational illnesses worldwide.

A non-alcoholic mocktail served in a glass

Non-Alcoholic Beverage

Non-alcoholic beverages encompass the broad category of drinks consumed without ethanol content, ranging from water and juice to sodas, teas, and dealcoholized versions of wine and beer. Categories and Production The category includes naturally alcohol-free drinks like fruit juices and sparkling water alongside beverages crafted to mimic alcoholic counterparts, such as non-alcoholic beer produced through

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Drinks consumed without meaningful ethanol content, including naturally alcohol-free options and dealcoholized versions of wine and beer.